Personal Pronouns
Personal Pronouns 🇵🇹
Personal pronouns replace the subject of a sentence. European Portuguese distinguishes formal and informal address more than Brazilian Portuguese.
| Pronoun | Meaning | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| eu | I | First person singular |
| tu | you (informal) | Close friends, family, peers |
| você | you (formal/neutral) | Strangers, formal situations, takes 3rd-person verb form |
| ele / ela | he / she | Third person singular |
| nós | we | First person plural |
| vós | you all (archaic/regional) | Rare in modern speech; mostly literary or regional |
| vocês | you all | Standard plural "you" in everyday speech |
| eles / elas | they | Third person plural |
Tip: In Portugal, tu is common with friends and family, while você is used for politeness or with people you don't know well — note that você is grammatically third person, so it takes the same verb form as ele/ela.